| Open Condition | Various | Lab | Various: Soil, water, granular activated carbon, sewage sludge, textiles, carpet, municipal waste, PFAS salts and polymers, and plant biomass. | 900 | 30 minute | Treatment: Incineration.
Environmental media: Soil, water, granular
activated carbon, sewage
sludge, textiles, carpet,
municipal waste, PFAS
salts, and polymers
Targeting PFAS: PFOA, PFOS, PFBA, PFPeA,
PFHpA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUnDA,
PFHxA, PFHxS, and potassium
salts of PFBS |
| Open Condition | Various | Lab | Various: Soil, water, granular activated carbon, sewage sludge, textiles, carpet, municipal waste, PFAS salts and polymers, and plant biomass. | 550 | 14 day | Treatment: Thermal desorption.
Environmental media: Soil
Treatment Temperature: 150–550 C
Reaction Time: 15 minutes,
75 minutes
or 10–14
days
Targeting PFAS: PFBA, PFPeA, PFBS, PFHxA,
PFHpA, PFHxS, PFOA, PFNA,
PFOS, PFDS, PFDA, PFUnDA,
6 : 2 FTSA, 8 : 2 FOSA |
| Open Condition | Various | Lab | Various: Soil, water, granular activated carbon, sewage sludge, textiles, carpet, municipal waste, PFAS salts and polymers, and plant biomass. | 600 | 65 hour | Treatment: Pyrolysis and
gasification.
Environmental media: Sewage sludge, salts of
perfluorocarboxylic acids.
Treatment temperature: 150–600 C
Reaction time: 30 minutes–65
hours
Targeting PFAS: PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, PFBS,
PFPeS, PFHpS, PFDoA, PFTrDA,
PFTeDA, ammonium, lithium,
sodium, potassium, calcium,
strontium and barium salts of
the peruoroacids, magnesium
and lead perfluorobutyrate,
silver perfluorobutyrate and
silver perfluorocaprylate |
| Open Condition | Various | Lab | Various: Soil, water, granular activated carbon, sewage sludge, textiles, carpet, municipal waste, PFAS salts and polymers, and plant biomass. | 900 | 300 minute | Treatment: Smoldering
combustion
Environmental media: Granular activated carbon,
soil, sewage sludge
Treatment temperature: 260–900 C
Reaction time: 0–300 minutes
Targeting PFAS: PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, PFHpA,
PFBS, PFNA |
| Open Condition | Various | Lab | Various: Soil, water, granular activated carbon, sewage sludge, textiles, carpet, municipal waste, PFAS salts and polymers, and plant biomass. | 350 | 120 minute | Treatment: Hydrothermal
liquefaction
Environmental media: Sewage sludge, plant
biomass
Treatment temperature: 260–350C
Reaction time: 90–120
minutes
Targeting PFAS: PFOA, PFOS, PFBA, PFHpA,
PFHxA, 8 : 2FTUCA, 7 : 3 FTCA,
8 : 2FTS |