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References

Reference Details

Citation
Duchesne et al 2020
Author
Duchesne, A.L., Brown, J.K., Patch, D.J., Major, D., Weber, K.P., and Gerhard, J.I.
Title
Remediation of PFAS-Contaminated Soil and Granular Activated Carbon by Smoldering Combustion
Source
Environmental Science and Technology
Publication Year
2020
Reference Category
Primary Sources
Reference Type
Peer Reviewed Journals
Source Details
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03058
DOI
10.1021/acs.est.0c03058Exit
Non-Targeted Analysis Flag
No
Notes
Appears to duplicate some of the data presented in Major 2019

Scope

Open Scope
Treatment Process
Scale
Matrix
Matrix DetailScope Detail
Open ScopeSmolderingLabTreatment MediaGAC spiked with PFASPFOS concentration in matrix before and after treatment; mass in matrix before treatment and in emission collection system at 2 experimental conditions
Open ScopeSmolderingLabSoilSoil spiked with PFASConcentration of 6 PFAS in matrix before and after treatment; mass in matrix before treatment and in emission collection system at 4 experimental conditions
Open ScopeSmolderingLabSoilContaminated soilConcentration of 3 PFAS in matrix before and after treatment; mass in matrix before treatment and in emission collection system at 2 experimental conditions

Condition

Open Condition
Scope
Temperature (°C)
Treatment Time
Condition Details
Open ConditionSmoldering | Lab | Treatment Media: GAC spiked with PFAS1048250 minute44 g GAC/kg sand; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering velocity = 0.45 cm/min; time interpreted from supplemental information Fig S2; temperature represents average peak temperature; exact time sampled after smoldering not given; stated that temperatures at all locations in the treatment zone spent between 10 and 61 min above 900 °C; corresponds to II-1
Open ConditionSmoldering | Lab | Treatment Media: GAC spiked with PFAS1011250 minute46 g GAC/kg sand; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering velocity = 0.40 cm/min; time interpreted from supplemental information Fig S2; temperature represents average peak temperature; exact time sampled after smoldering not given; stated that temperatures at all locations in the treatment zone spent between 10 and 61 min above 900 °C; corresponds to II-2
Open ConditionSmoldering | Lab | Soil: Soil spiked with PFAS1093250 minute50 g GAC/kg soil; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering velocity = 0.64 cm/min; time interpreted from supplemental information Fig S2; temperature represents average peak temperature; exact time sampled after smoldering not given; stated that temperatures at all locations in the treatment zone spent between 10 and 61 min above 900 °C; corresponds to III-2
Open ConditionSmoldering | Lab | Soil: Soil spiked with PFAS1145250 minute50 g GAC/kg soil; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering velocity = 0.71 cm/min; time interpreted from supplemental information Fig S2; temperature represents average peak temperature; exact time sampled after smoldering not given; stated that temperatures at all locations in the treatment zone spent between 10 and 61 min above 900 °C; corresponds to III-3
Open ConditionSmoldering | Lab | Soil: Soil spiked with PFAS1143250 minute50 g GAC/kg soil; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering velocity = 0.48 cm/min; time interpreted from supplemental information Fig S2; temperature represents average peak temperature; exact time sampled after smoldering not given; stated that temperatures at all locations in the treatment zone spent between 10 and 61 min above 900 °C; corresponds to III-4
Open ConditionSmoldering | Lab | Soil: Soil spiked with PFAS642250 minute15 g GAC/kg soil; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering velocity = 0.24 cm/min; time interpreted from supplemental information Fig S2; temperature represents average peak temperature; exact time sampled after smoldering not given; trial failed to reach the desired 900 C; corresponds to III-5
Open ConditionSmoldering | Lab | Soil: Contaminated soil1040250 minute51 g GAC/kg soil; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering velocity = 0.38 cm/min; time interpreted from supplemental information Fig S2; temperature represents average peak temperature; exact time sampled after smoldering not given; stated that temperatures at all locations in the treatment zone spent between 10 and 61 min above 900 °C; corresponds to IV-1
Open ConditionSmoldering | Lab | Soil: Contaminated soil1012250 minute51 g GAC/kg soil; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering velocity = 0.47 cm/min; time interpreted from supplemental information Fig S2; temperature represents average peak temperature; exact time sampled after smoldering not given; stated that temperatures at all locations in the treatment zone spent between 10 and 61 min above 900 °C; corresponds to IV-2

Thermal Treatment Results

Link to Results Record
Analyte
Scope
Condition
Effectiveness (%)
Initial Concentration
Post Concentration
Offgas Concentration
Additional Details
HFSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1012 °C | 250 minute 2438.1% 0 mg/kgData from Table 3
HFSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1040 °C | 250 minute 577% 0 mg/kgData from Table 3
HFSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1093 °C | 250 minute 16.6% 0 mg/kgData from Table 3
HFSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1143 °C | 250 minute 16.1% 0 mg/kgData from Table 3
HFSmoldering | Lab | Soil 642 °C | 250 minute <8.42% 0 mg/kgData from Table 3
HFSmoldering | Lab | Treatment Media 1011 °C | 250 minute 40.6% 0 mg/kgData from Table 3
HFSmoldering | Lab | Treatment Media 1048 °C | 250 minute 45.7% 0 mg/kgData from Table 3
PFOASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1040 °C | 250 minute 0.002 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; quantification limit = 0.001 mg/kg
PFOASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1093 °C | 250 minute 3.363 mg/kg0.000301 mg/kgData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg; PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFDA, PFUnA, PFDoA, and PFOSA not analyzed for in sample
PFOASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1143 °C | 250 minute 3.006 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFOASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1145 °C | 250 minute 2.442 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFOASmoldering | Lab | Soil 642 °C | 250 minute 2.386 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFBASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1012 °C | 250 minute 0.00284 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; quantification limit = 0.001 mg/kg
PFBASmoldering | Lab | Soil 642 °C | 250 minute 0.00173 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFBSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1012 °C | 250 minute 0.000329 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; quantification limit = 0.001 mg/kg
PFBSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1093 °C | 250 minute 0.695 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg; PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFDA, PFUnA, PFDoA, and PFOSA not analyzed for in sample
PFBSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1143 °C | 250 minute 0.126 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFBSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1145 °C | 250 minute 0.089 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFBSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 642 °C | 250 minute 0.074 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFDASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1145 °C | 250 minute 0.00125 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFHpASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1093 °C | 250 minute 0.233 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg; PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFDA, PFUnA, PFDoA, and PFOSA not analyzed for in sample
PFHpASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1143 °C | 250 minute 0.313 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFHpASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1145 °C | 250 minute 0.22 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFHpASmoldering | Lab | Soil 642 °C | 250 minute 0.108 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFHxSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1012 °C | 250 minute 0.00512 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; quantification limit = 0.001 mg/kg
PFHxSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1040 °C | 250 minute 0.017 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; quantification limit = 0.001 mg/kg
PFHxSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1093 °C | 250 minute 0.197 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg; PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFDA, PFUnA, PFDoA, and PFOSA not analyzed for in sample
PFHxSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1143 °C | 250 minute 0.219 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFHxSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1145 °C | 250 minute 0.171 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFHxSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 642 °C | 250 minute 0.069 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFHxSSmoldering | Lab | Treatment Media 1011 °C | 250 minute 0.195 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFNASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1093 °C | 250 minute 0.344 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg; PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFDA, PFUnA, PFDoA, and PFOSA not analyzed for in sample
PFNASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1143 °C | 250 minute 0.185 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFNASmoldering | Lab | Soil 1145 °C | 250 minute 0.158 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFNASmoldering | Lab | Soil 642 °C | 250 minute 0.095 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFOSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1012 °C | 250 minute 0.092 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; quantification limit = 0.001 mg/kg
PFOSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1040 °C | 250 minute 0.353 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; quantification limit = 0.001 mg/kg
PFOSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1093 °C | 250 minute 0.405 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg; PFBA, PFPeA, PFHxA, PFDA, PFUnA, PFDoA, and PFOSA not analyzed for in sample
PFOSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1143 °C | 250 minute 0.322 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFOSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 1145 °C | 250 minute 0.216 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFOSSmoldering | Lab | Soil 642 °C | 250 minute 0.162 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFOSSmoldering | Lab | Treatment Media 1011 °C | 250 minute 197.7 mg/kg0.431 mg/kgData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
PFOSSmoldering | Lab | Treatment Media 1048 °C | 250 minute 182.1 mg/kgNot detectedData from Table S1 in supplemental information; detection limit = 0.0004 mg/kg
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Last updated on October 15, 2024.