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Citation: Zhang et al 2020
Author: Zhang, W., Cao, H., Subramanya, S.M., Savage, P., and Liang, Y.
Title: Destruction of Perfluoroalkyl Acids Accumulated in Typha latifolia through Hydrothermal Liquefaction
Source: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
Publication Year: 2020
Reference Category: Primary Sources
Reference Type: Peer Reviewed Journals
Source Details: DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c03249
DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c03249 Exit
Non-Targeted Analysis Flag: No

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Open Scope	Treatment Process	Scale	Matrix	Matrix Detail	Scope Detail
Open Scope	Hydrothermal Treatment	Lab	Other	Water spiked with PFAS	Initial concentration and percent removal of 8 PFAS with and without KOH, percent defluorination of PFOA and PFAS
Open Scope	Hydrothermal Treatment	Lab	Other	Contaminated plants	Initial concentration and percent removal of 5 PFAS from 2 matrices (shoots and roots)

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Open Condition	Scope	Temperature (°C)	Treatment Time	Condition Details
Open Condition	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other: Water spiked with PFAS	300	2 hour
Open Condition	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other: Contaminated plants	300	2 hour	Data presented in Figure 3
Open Condition	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other: Water spiked with PFAS	350	90 minute
Open Condition	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other: Water spiked with PFAS	350	6 hour
Open Condition	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other: Water spiked with PFAS	300	2 hour	PFAS treated with 1 M KOH

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Analyte	Scope	Condition	Effectiveness (%)	Initial Concentration	Post Concentration	Additional Details
PFOA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	≈100%	≈1200 µg/kg		Removal in Roots
PFOA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	≈100%	≈1000 µg/kg		Removal in Shoots
PFOA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	=100%			PFAAs during HTL of pure aqueous solution
PFOA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	100%			PFAAs during HTL of pure aqueous solution
PFBA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	≈90%	≈254 µg/kg		Removal in Shoots
PFBA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	≈100%	≈147 µg/kg		Removal in Roots
PFBA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	=100%			PFAAs during HTL of pure aqueous solution
PFHpA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	≈100%	≈1000 µg/kg		Removal in Shoots
PFHpA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	≈100%	≈1200 µg/kg		Removal in Roots
PFHpA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	=100%			PFAAs during HTL of pure aqueous solution
PFHxA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	≈100%	≈1100 µg/kg		Removal in Shoots
PFHxA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	≈100%	≈1100 µg/kg		Removal in Roots
PFHxA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	=100%			PFAAs during HTL of pure aqueous solution
PFOS	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	98.4%	2352.9 µg/kg		Removal in Roots
PFOS	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	≈49.7%	≈800 µg/kg		Removal in Shoots
PFOS	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	=85.9%
PFOS	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	350 °C \| 6 hour	0%	186 mg/L		PFOS at 186 mg/L showed little reactivity at 350°C after 6h
PFOS	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	350 °C \| 90 minute	≈0%	50 mg/L	=	negligible amount of PFOS at 50 mg/L was destroyed at 350 °C after 90 min
PFPeA	Hydrothermal Treatment \| Lab \| Other	300 °C \| 2 hour	=100%			PFAAs during HTL of pure aqueous solution

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Thermal Treatment Results