Skip to Main Content

Breadcrumb

References

Reference Details

Citation
Hatton et al 2019
Author
Hatton, J., Dasu, K., Richter, R., Fitzpatrick, T., and Higgins, C.
Title
Field Demonstration of Infrared Thermal Treatment of PFAS-impacted Soils from Subsurface Investigations
Source
Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP)
Publication Year
2019
Reference Category
Primary Sources
Reference Type
Government Reports
Source Details
SERDP Project ER18-1603
Non-Targeted Analysis Flag
No
Notes
Attempts a complete mass-balance, but could not account for all PFAS

Scope

Open Scope
Treatment Process
Scale
Matrix
Matrix DetailScope Detail
Open ScopeInfrared HeatingPilotSoilContaminated soilInitial and time-series concentrations of 29 PFAS in matrix by 3 different analytical methods; time-series removal percent of PFOA, PFOS, and total PFAS by 3 different methods; concentration in off-gas, off-gas condensate, and on VGAC treating off-gas
Open ScopeInfrared HeatingPilotSoilSoil spiked with AFFFInitial and time-series concentrations of 29 PFAS in matrix by 3 different analytical methods; time-series removal percent of PFOA, PFOS, and total PFAS by 3 different methods; concentration in off-gas, off-gas condensate, and on VGAC treating off-gas

Condition

Open Condition
Scope
Temperature (°C)
Treatment Time
Condition Details
Open ConditionInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil: Contaminated soil3508 daythe pilot test was conducted at 350°C for 8 days based on the bench-scale test results
Open ConditionInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil: Soil spiked with AFFF3508 dayThe pilot test was conducted at 350°C for 8 days based on the bench-scale test results. Spiked with AFFF

Thermal Treatment Results

Link to Results Record
Analyte
Scope
Condition
Effectiveness (%)
Initial Concentration
Post Concentration
Offgas Concentration
Additional Details
N-EtFOSAAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 0.134 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
N-EtFOSAAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <0.6% <0.6 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
N-EtFOSAAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <120% <120 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
N-EtFOSAAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.097% 0.145 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
N-MeFOSAAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 0.154 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
N-MeFOSAAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <120% <120 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
N-MeFOSAAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 0.145 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
Et-FOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0% 0 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
Et-FOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <1.98% <1.98 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
Et-FOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.362% 0.362 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
Et-FOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <60% <60 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
FtS 4:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.579% 0.617 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
FtS 4:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <1.2% <1.2 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
FtS 4:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 4.18% <60 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
FtS 4:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.421% 0.136 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
FtS 6:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.524% 6.86 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
FtS 6:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 16.9% <2.4 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
FtS 6:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 30.2% 8.94 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
FtS 6:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 39.7% 4.37 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
FtS 8:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.579% 1.76 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
FtS 8:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <1.2% <1.2 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
FtS 8:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <240% <240 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
FtS 8:2Infrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 3.53% 2.07 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
Et-FOSEInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 1.11% 1.19 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
Et-FOSEInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 1.11% 1.11 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
N-MeFOSEInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 1.47% 1.57 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
N-MeFOSEInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <0.12% <0.12 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
N-MeFOSEInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 1.47% 1.47 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
MeFOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0% 0 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
MeFOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <1.77% <1.77 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
MeFOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <1200% <1200 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
MeFOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.163% 0.163 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFOAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day >97% 5.55 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- Native removal- Low concentration
PFOAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day >74% 10.4 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- TOPA removal- Low concentration
PFOAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day >74% 7.57 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- CSM removal- Low concentration
PFOAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 97.3% 22.6 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- Native removal- High concentration
PFOAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day >76% 30.04 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- CSM removal- High concentration
PFOAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day >98.1% 81.3 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- TOPA removal- High concentration
PFBAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <6% <6 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFBAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.597% 0.606 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFBAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 14.5% 12.6 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFBAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 3.83% 0.781 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFBSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 0.52 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFBSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.958% <0.13 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFBSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 15.9% 4.69 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFBSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 56.7% 6.95 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFDAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 0.114 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFDAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <0.6% <0.6 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFDAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <2400% <2400 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFDAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.184% 0.145 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFDSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.816% <0.17 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFDSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 0.254 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFDSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 1.23% 0.204 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFDSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 9.59% 0.557 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFDoSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.136% 0.145 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFDoSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.648% <0.17 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFDoSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.421% 0.136 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFDoSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 3.19% 0.209 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFDoAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <0.6% <0.6 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFDoAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 0.154 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFDoAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 0.145 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFDoAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <120% <120 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFHpAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 1.17 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFHpAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <6.08% <6.08 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFHpAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 5.34% 0.17 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFHpAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 12.3% <2400 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFHpAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 5.34% 0.17 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFHpSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 9.8% <0.6 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFHpSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.126% 7.38 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFHpSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 68.7% 8.5 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFHpSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 57.9% 7.39 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFHxAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 22.2% <1.8 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFHxAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 11.8 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFHxAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 70.1% 3.12 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFHxAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 35.7% 0.999 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFHxSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 95.9% 0.977 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFHxSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.136% 44.6 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFHxSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 689% 56.4 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFHxSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 221% 56.4 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFNSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.136% 0.136 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFNSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 1.8% <0.15 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFNSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 27% 1.88 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFNSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 2.07% 0.262 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFNAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 0.876 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFNAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <22.44% <22.44 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFNAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <0.6% <0.6 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFNAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 1.45% 0.145 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFNAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <2400% <2400 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
FOSAAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day <5.66% <5.66 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 1.35% <1.27 µg/kgLow Concentration Test Results - CSM (Total)
PFOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 0.901 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
PFOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 1.78% <2400 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; CSM treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFOSAInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.985% 0.145 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days; SGS treatment- High Conc- Treated with AFFF
PFOSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 99.6% 612 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- CSM removal- Low concentration
PFOSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 99.6% 429 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- Native removal- Low concentration
PFOSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 99.6% 490 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- TOPA removal- Low concentration
PFOSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 68.6% 1410 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- TOPA removal- High concentration
PFOSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 74% 1800 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- Native removal- High concentration
PFOSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 74.6% 3227 µg/kgSamples treated for 8 days- CSM removal- High concentration
PFPeSInfrared Heating | Pilot | Soil 350 °C | 8 day 0.145% 2.05 µg/kgSoil Results - Low Concentration Test- Treated for 8 days
Contact Us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem.
Last updated on October 15, 2024.