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Thermal Treatment Results

Citation: Xiao et al 2020
Author: Xiao, F., Sasi, P.C., Yao, B., Kubatova, A., Golovko, S.A., Golovko, M.Y., and Soli, D.
Title: Thermal Stability and Decomposition of Perfluoroalkyl Substances on Spent Granular Activated Carbon
Source: Environmental Science and Technology Letters
Publication Year: 2020
Reference Category: Primary Sources
Reference Type: Peer Reviewed Journals
Source Details: DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00114
DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00114 Exit
Non-Targeted Analysis Flag: No
Notes: Supplemental material may be more useful than body text for data extraction

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Open Scope	Treatment Process	Scale	Matrix	Matrix Detail	Scope Detail
Open Scope	GAC Reactivation	Lab	Treatment Media	GAC	Decomposition efficiency of 8 PFAS for various combinations of temperature, time, and gas condtions (N2, CO2, Air); yield of fluorine and organofluorine products from PFOS and PFOA at various temperatures; identification of gaseous products (supplemental information may have more quantitative data)

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Open Condition	Scope	Temperature (°C)	Treatment Time	Condition Details
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	185	30 minute	Thermal treatment under flow of nitrogen (200 mL/min); Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3a through 3h
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	200	30 minute	Thermal treatment under flow of nitrogen (200 mL/min); Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3a through 3h
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	250	30 minute	Thermal treatment under flow of nitrogen (200 mL/min); Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3a through 3h
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	475	30 minute	Thermal treatment under flow of nitrogen (200 mL/min); Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3a through 3h
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	500	30 minute	Thermal treatment under flow of nitrogen (200 mL/min); Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3a through 3h
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	200	30 minute	Thermal treatment under flow of carbon dioxide (200 mL/min); Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3a through 3h
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	300	30 minute	Thermal treatment under flow of carbon dioxide (200 mL/min); Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3a through 3h
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	475	30 minute	Thermal treatment under flow of carbon dioxide (200 mL/min); Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3a through 3h
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	500	30 minute	Thermal treatment under flow of carbon dioxide (200 mL/min); Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3a through 3h
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	25	30 minute	Thermal treatment in closed air system; Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3i; Treatment time inferred from paragraph 6 of section titled "Thermal Stability of PFAS"
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	150	30 minute	Thermal treatment in closed air system; Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3i; Treatment time inferred from paragraph 6 of section titled "Thermal Stability of PFAS"
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	200	30 minute	Thermal treatment in closed air system; Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3i; Treatment time inferred from paragraph 6 of section titled "Thermal Stability of PFAS"
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	250	30 minute	Thermal treatment in closed air system; Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3i; Treatment time inferred from paragraph 6 of section titled "Thermal Stability of PFAS"
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	500	30 minute	Thermal treatment in closed air system; Treatment temperature interpolated from Figure 3i; Treatment time inferred from paragraph 6 of section titled "Thermal Stability of PFAS"
Open Condition	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media: GAC	200	5 minute	Thermal treatment in closed air system; Treatment time interpolated from Figure 3j

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Analyte	Scope	Condition	Effectiveness (%)	Additional Details
GenX	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	185 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3e
GenX	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 30 minute	≈99.6%	Data interpolated form Figure 3e
GenX	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 30 minute	≈99.8%	Data interpolated from Figure 3e
GenX	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	250 °C \| 30 minute	≈99.8%	Data interpolated from Figure 3e
GenX	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	300 °C \| 30 minute	≈99.9%	Data interpolated from Figure 3e
GenX	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	475 °C \| 30 minute	≈99.9%	Data interpolated from Figure 3e
GenX	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	475 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3e
GenX	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 30 minute	≈99.9%	Data interpolated from Figure 3e
GenX	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3e
HFPO-DA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	150 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
HFPO-DA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 10 minute	≈97%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
HFPO-DA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 20 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
HFPO-DA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
HFPO-DA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 40 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
HFPO-DA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 5 minute	≈90%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
HFPO-DA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 60 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
HFPO-DA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	25 °C \| 30 minute	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
HFPO-DA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	250 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i; additional trials at 50 degree intervals produced ~99% decomposition efficiency, up to 500 degrees C
HFPO-DA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	100 °C \| Not reported	≈100%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a; see also fluoride yield and organofluorine product yield
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	100 °C \| Not reported	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	100 °C \| Not reported	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	150 °C \| 30 minute	≈4%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	150 °C \| Not reported	≈10%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	150 °C \| Not reported	≈25%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a; see entries for fluoride and organofluorine product yield
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	150 °C \| Not reported	≈65%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 10 minute	≈42%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 20 minute	≈89%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 30 minute	≈98%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 30 minute	≈90%	Data interpolated form Figure 3d
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 30 minute	≈76%	Data interpolated from Figure 3d
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 40 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 5 minute	≈4%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 60 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| Not reported	≈88%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| Not reported	≈11%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| Not reported	≈6%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a; see entries for fluoride and organofluorine product yield
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	25 °C \| 30 minute	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	250 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i; additional trials at 50 degree intervals produced ~99% decomposition efficiency, up to 500 degrees C
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	250 °C \| 30 minute	≈86%	Data interpolated from Figure 3d
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	300 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3d
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	400 °C \| Not reported	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a; see entries for fluoride and organofluorine product yield
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	400 °C \| Not reported	≈88%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	400 °C \| Not reported	≈12%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	450 °C \| Not reported	≈75%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	450 °C \| Not reported	≈24%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	450 °C \| Not reported	≈1%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a; see entries for fluoride and organofluorine product yield
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	475 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3d
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	475 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3d
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3d
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3d
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| Not reported	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a; see entries for fluoride and organofluorine product yield
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| Not reported	≈20%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| Not reported	≈80%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| Not reported	≈17%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| Not reported	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a; see entries for fluoride and organofluorine product yield
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| Not reported	≈83%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	600 °C \| Not reported	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a; see entries for fluoride and organofluorine product yield
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	600 °C \| Not reported	≈73%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	600 °C \| Not reported	≈27%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	700 °C \| Not reported	≈92%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	700 °C \| Not reported	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a; see entries for fluoride and organofluorine product yield
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	700 °C \| Not reported	≈8%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	800 °C \| Not reported	≈82%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	800 °C \| Not reported	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a; see entries for fluoride and organofluorine product yield
PFOA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	800 °C \| Not reported	≈18%	Data interpolated from Figure 4a
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	150 °C \| 30 minute	≈5%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	185 °C \| 30 minute	≈94%	Data interpolated from Figure 3a
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 10 minute	≈52%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 20 minute	≈93%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 30 minute	≈95%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 30 minute	≈95%	Data interpolated form Figure 3a
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 30 minute	≈98%	Data interpolated from Figure 3a
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 40 minute	≈96%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 5 minute	≈28%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 60 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3j
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	25 °C \| 30 minute	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	250 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i; additional trials at 50 degree intervals produced ~99% decomposition efficiency, up to 500 degrees C
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	250 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3a
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	300 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3a
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	475 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3a
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	475 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3a
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3i
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3a
PFBA	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3a
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	150 °C \| 30 minute	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 3k
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	185 °C \| 30 minute	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 3f
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 30 minute	≈0%	Data interpolated form Figure 3f
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	200 °C \| 30 minute	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 3f
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	250 °C \| 30 minute	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 3f
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	300 °C \| 30 minute	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 3f
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	400 °C \| 30 minute	≈0%	Data interpolated from Figure 3k
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	450 °C \| 30 minute	≈16%	Data interpolated from Figure 3k
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	475 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3f
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	475 °C \| 30 minute	≈97%	Data interpolated from Figure 3f
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 10 minute	≈18%	Data interpolated from Figure 3l
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 20 minute	≈97%	Data interpolated from Figure 3l
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3k
PFBS	GAC Reactivation \| Lab \| Treatment Media	500 °C \| 30 minute	≈99%	Data interpolated from Figure 3f

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Thermal Treatment Results