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Scope

Scope Details

Reference
Strathmann, T.J., Higgins, C., and Deeb, R. (2020) Hydrothermal Technologies for On-Site Destruction of Site Investigation Wastes Contaminated with Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) - Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP)
Treatment Process
Hydrothermal Treatment
Test Scale
Lab
Matrix
Other
Matrix Detail
Two AFFF formulations
Data Detail
Measured defluorination at various dilution factors and temperatures with amendments. PFAS screening of the two AFFF formulations reported in Table 4.3.2 pg. 49/89 See conditions.

Condition

Open Condition
Treatment Temperature
Treatment Time
Time Units
Treatment Details
Open Condition 350180MinuteAFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1 mol/L NaOH amendment concentration, 350°C, 180 min reaction time.
Open Condition 350180MinuteControl reaction was 1-to-1000 AFFF in unamended water at 350°C for 180 min.
Open Condition 350180MinuteAFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1 mol/L NaBH4 amendment concentration, 350°C, 180 min reaction time.
Open Condition 350180MinuteAFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1 mol/L Ca(OH)2 amendment concentration, 350°C, 180 min reaction time.
Open Condition 350180MinuteAFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1 mol/L KMnO4 amendment concentration, 350°C, 180 min reaction time.
Open Condition 350180MinuteAFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1 mol/L Na2SO3 amendment concentration, 350°C, 180 min reaction time.
Open Condition 35090MinuteAFFF formulation 1 dilution factor 1-to-2; Reaction conditions: 5 mol/L NaOH, 350C, 90 min reaction time.
Open Condition 35090MinuteAFFF formulation 1 dilution factor 1-to-4; Reaction conditions: 5 mol/L NaOH, 350C, 90 min reaction time.
Open Condition 35090MinuteAFFF formulation 1 dilution factor 1-to-10; Reaction conditions: 5 mol/L NaOH, 350C, 90 min reaction time.
Open Condition 35090MinuteAFFF formulation 1 dilution factor 1-to-1000; Reaction conditions: 5 mol/L NaOH, 350C, 90 min reaction time.
Open Condition 35090MinuteAFFF formulation 2 dilution factor 1-to-1000; Reaction conditions: 5 mol/L NaOH, 350C, 90 min reaction time.
Open Condition 20090MinuteReaction conditions: AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 5 M NaOH reaction for 90 min in panel
Open Condition 350180MinuteAFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 5 mol/L NaOH amendment concentration, 350°C, 180 min reaction time.
Open Condition 25090MinuteReaction conditions: AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 5 M NaOH reaction for 90 min in panel
Open Condition 30090MinuteReaction conditions: AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 5 M NaOH reaction for 90 min in panel
Open Condition 35090MinuteReaction conditions: AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 5 M NaOH reaction for 90 min in panel
Open Condition 35015MinuteAFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 0.1M NaOH reaction for 15 min under 350C in panel (b).
Open Condition 35015MinuteAFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1M NaOH reaction for 15 min under 350C in panel (b).
Open Condition 35015MinuteAFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 5M NaOH reaction for 15 min under 350C in panel (b).

Thermal Treatment Results

Link to Results Record
Analyte
Condition
Effectiveness (%)
Effectiveness Measure
Initial Concentration
Post Concentration
Offgas Concentration
Additional Details
Total PFAS350 °C | 180 minute ≈13.4% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.1, pg. 51/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 180 minute ≈108.1% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.1, pg. 51/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 180 minute ≈88.8% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.1, pg. 51/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 180 minute ≈3.9% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.1, pg. 51/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 180 minute ≈18.4% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.1, pg. 51/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 180 minute ≈82.8% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.1, pg. 51/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 90 minute ≈103.5% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.2, pg. 52/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 90 minute ≈106.3% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.2, pg. 52/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 90 minute ≈104.2% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.2, pg. 52/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 90 minute ≈105.5% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.2, pg. 52/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 90 minute ≈119.6% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #2; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.2, pg. 52/89)
Total PFAS200 °C | 90 minute ≈11.6% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.3a, pg. 53/89)
Total PFAS250 °C | 90 minute ≈30.2% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.3a, pg. 53/89)
Total PFAS300 °C | 90 minute ≈82.6% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.3a, pg. 53/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 90 minute ≈99.6% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.3a, pg. 53/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 15 minute ≈41.7% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.3b, pg. 53/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 15 minute ≈57% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.3b, pg. 53/89)
Total PFAS350 °C | 15 minute ≈78.8% Percent DefluorinationAFFF formulation #1; Data interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.3a, pg. 53/89)
PFOS350 °C | 180 minute 6580 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFOS350 °C | 180 minute 6580 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFHxS350 °C | 180 minute 996 mg/L ≈66.8 mg/L AFFF formulation 1; Interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.4, pg. 55/89)
PFHxS350 °C | 180 minute 996 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; Interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.4, pg. 55/89)
PFOA350 °C | 180 minute 244 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFOA350 °C | 180 minute 244 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFBS350 °C | 180 minute 237 mg/L ≈20.7 mg/L AFFF formulation 1; Interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.4, pg. 55/89)
PFBS350 °C | 180 minute 237 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; Interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.4, pg. 55/89)
PFPeS350 °C | 180 minute 226 mg/L ≈17.6 mg/L AFFF formulation 1; Interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.4, pg. 55/89)
PFPeS350 °C | 180 minute 226 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; Interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.4, pg. 55/89)
PFHxA350 °C | 180 minute 178 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFHxA350 °C | 180 minute 178 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFHpS350 °C | 180 minute 146 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFHpS350 °C | 180 minute 146 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFPrS350 °C | 180 minute 121 mg/L ≈6.6 mg/L AFFF formulation 1; Interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.4, pg. 55/89)
PFPrS350 °C | 180 minute 121 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; Interpolated from plot (Figure 4.3.4, pg. 55/89)
Cl-PFOS350 °C | 180 minute 95.6 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
Cl-PFOS350 °C | 180 minute 95.6 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFPeA350 °C | 180 minute 69.3 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFPeA350 °C | 180 minute 69.3 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFHpA350 °C | 180 minute 59.2 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFHpA350 °C | 180 minute 59.2 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFEtCHxS350 °C | 180 minute 28.7 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFEtCHxS350 °C | 180 minute 28.7 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFBA350 °C | 180 minute 21.7 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFBA350 °C | 180 minute 21.7 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFNS350 °C | 180 minute 6.83 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFNS350 °C | 180 minute 6.83 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFDS350 °C | 180 minute 5.05 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFDS350 °C | 180 minute 5.05 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
FtS 6:2350 °C | 180 minute Not detected Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
FtS 6:2350 °C | 180 minute Not detected Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
FtS 8:2350 °C | 180 minute Not detected Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
FtS 8:2350 °C | 180 minute Not detected Not detected AFFF formulation 1; results discussed in section 4.3.3
PFHxA350 °C | 180 minute 12.7 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 2; results discussed in section 4.3.3
FtS 6:2350 °C | 180 minute 28.6 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 2; results discussed in section 4.3.3
FtS 8:2350 °C | 180 minute 18.5 mg/L Not detected AFFF formulation 2; results discussed in section 4.3.3
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