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Scope

Scope Details

Reference
Krug, J. D., Lemieux, P. M., Lee, C. W., Ryan, J. V., Kariher, P. H., Shields, E. P., ... and Linak, W. P. (2022) Combustion of C1 and C2 PFAS: Kinetic modeling and experiments - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association
Treatment Process
Incineration
Test Scale
Pilot
Matrix
Other
Data Detail
Destruction efficiency of 3 gaseous PFAS (CF4, CHF3, C2F6) injected at various ports (Tables 2 and 3); residual concentrations of PFAS and various other combustion products under same conditions (Table 3)

Condition

Open Condition
Treatment Temperature
Treatment Time
Time Units
Treatment Details
Open Condition 11005SecondPort 4; 40 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 20717.4SecondAt flame; Natural Gas Port; 40 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 9504.2SecondPort 8; 40 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 9003.6SecondPort 10; 40 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 8753.3SecondPort 11; 40 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 8253SecondPort 12; 40 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 20717.4SecondAt flame; Natural Gas Port; 45 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 20717.4SecondAt flame; Natural Gas Port; 64 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 13005SecondPort 4; 45 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 8503SecondPort 12; 45 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 10805SecondPort 6; 45 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 10504.2SecondPort 8; 45 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.
Open Condition 9303.6SecondPort 10; 45 kW loading experiment; The model assumes initial adiabatic flame temperature (2071 °C) and a linear temperature decay to Port 1. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or combustion air (t=0 sec) experience the full temperature profile (Figure 3) and flame chemistry before being analyzed by FTIR at Port 18 (t~7.4 sec). However, PFAS introduced at Ports 4‐12 experienced reduced temperatures, residence times, and exposure to flame chemistry.

Thermal Treatment Results

Link to Results Record
Analyte
Condition
Effectiveness (%)
Effectiveness Measure
Initial Concentration
Post Concentration
Offgas Concentration
Additional Details
CF42071 °C | 7.4 second 58.5% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CHF32071 °C | 7.4 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CF42071 °C | 7.4 second 89.5% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CHF32071 °C | 7.4 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
C2F62071 °C | 7.4 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CF42071 °C | 7.4 second 82.6% Destruction and Removal EfficiencyAt combust air port; conditions likely similar to Natural Gas port (perhaps slightly reduced temp and exposure time)
CHF32071 °C | 7.4 second >99% Destruction and Removal EfficiencyAt combust air port; conditions likely similar to Natural Gas port (perhaps slightly reduced temp and exposure time)
C2F62071 °C | 7.4 second >99% Destruction and Removal EfficiencyAt combust air port; conditions likely similar to Natural Gas port (perhaps slightly reduced temp and exposure time)
CF42071 °C | 7.4 second 94.9% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CF42071 °C | 7.4 second 88.7% Destruction and Removal EfficiencyAt combust air port; conditions likely similar to natural gas port (perhaps slightly reduced temp and exposure time).
CHF31100 °C | 5 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
C2F61100 °C | 5 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CF41300 °C | 5 second 13.7%
CHF31300 °C | 5 second >99%
C2F61300 °C | 5 second >99%
CF41080 °C | 5 second 12.9% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CHF31080 °C | 5 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
C2F61080 °C | 5 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
C2F6950 °C | 4.2 second 78.2% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CF41050 °C | 4.2 second 11.7% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CHF31050 °C | 4.2 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
C2F61050 °C | 4.2 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CHF3900 °C | 3.6 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
C2F6900 °C | 3.6 second 25.5% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CF4930 °C | 3.6 second 12.5% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CHF3930 °C | 3.6 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
C2F6930 °C | 3.6 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CF4875 °C | 3.3 second 8.2% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
CHF3825 °C | 3 second 94.3% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
C2F6825 °C | 3 second ≈0% Destruction and Removal EfficiencyDue to measurement uncertainty, the calculated DE was slightly negative
CHF3850 °C | 3 second >99% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
C2F6850 °C | 3 second 86.2% Destruction and Removal Efficiency
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