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Condition

Condition Details

Reference
Matthis, J., and Carr, S. (2019) Reactivation of Spent Activated Carbon Used for PFAS Adsorption - Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment
Scope
GAC Reactivation | Full | Treatment Media: GAC
Treatent Time
Time Units
Not reported
Treatment Details
Specific treatment temperature not reported. Author indicated the activation process/steam gasification typically occurs between at 1450 deg F and1800 deg F (~780-980 deg C).

Thermal Treatment Results

Link to Results Record
Analyte
Effectiveness (%)
Initial Concentration
Post Concentration
Offgas Concentration
Additional Details
PFBA1.9 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFDS<0.28 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFPeA<0.43 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFHxA<0.51 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFHpA<0.22 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFOA<0.75 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFNA<0.24 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFDA<0.27 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFUnA<0.97 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFDoA<0.049 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFTrDA<1.1 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFTeDA<0.26 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFBS<0.18 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFHxS0.23 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFHpS<0.17 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
PFOS<0.48 ppt From Table 13.1 (page 17/22). "The reactivated carbon sample was loaded into a column, was backwashed with approximately 8 bed volumes of NSF42 leaching protocol water (50 ppm total dissolved solids [TDSs], 0.5 ppm Cl-, and pH 6.75), was allowed to sit for 24 hours in 1 BV of water, and then sampled. These steps were repeated two additional times and the three leachate samples were composited for analysis. [...] The carbon used in this trial treated approximately 310 million gallons of drinking water with influent PFAS concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 1 ppb (μg/L)" (page 16/22).
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