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Condition
Thermal treatment in closed air system; Treatment ...Xiao et al 2020
Thermal treatment in open system under flow of car...Xiao et al 2020
Sorengard et al 2020
Thermal treatment under flow of nitrogen (200 mL/m...Xiao et al 2020
Reaction conditions: AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 5 M N...Strathmann et al 2020
Treatment time represents amount of time spent at ...Feng et al 2016
Suhnholz et al 2018
Thermal treatment under flow of carbon dioxide (20...Xiao et al 2020
DiGuiseppi 2019
15 weight percent solid sludge slurryYu et al 2020
Yu et al 2020
Treatment without calcium oxide; ~20 seconds total...Riedel et al 2021
PFAS treated with 1 M KOHZhang et al 2020
Biochar from sewage sludgeKim et al 2015
Zhang et al 2020
sludge + Ca(OH)2 + PFOS samples (Ca/F molar ratio ...Wang et al 2013
Data presented in Figure 3Zhang et al 2020
Treatment with calcium oxide; ~20 seconds total no...Riedel et al 2021
Crownover et al 2019
PFOS + Ca(OH)2 samples with Ca/F molar ratio of 1:...Wang et al 2011
Co treated with Co(OH)2Wang et al 2015b
AFFF formulation 1 dilution factor 1-to-2; Reactio...Strathmann et al 2020
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment FeSO4 (1 mol/L) in wa...Wu et al 2019b
AFFF formulation 1 dilution factor 1-to-10; Reacti...Strathmann et al 2020
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment NaClO4 (1 mol/L) in w...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Na2S2O3 (1 mol/L) in ...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment NaClO (1 mol/L) in w...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Nano Fe (0) (1 mol/L)...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS thermal treatment with Ca(OH)2.Wang et al 2015b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Ni (1 mol/L) in water...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Fe(0) (1 mol/L) in wa...Wu et al 2019b
AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 5M NaOH reaction for 15 mi...Strathmann et al 2020
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment HNO3 (1 mol/L) in wat...Wu et al 2019b
AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 0.1M NaOH reaction for 15 ...Strathmann et al 2020
5 mol/L NaOH amendment; 0.5 g of each soil were ad...Strathmann et al 2020
Iron addedHori et al 2006
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Na2SO3 (1 mol/L) in w...Wu et al 2019b
AFFF formulation 1 dilution factor 1-to-4; Reactio...Strathmann et al 2020
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment K2CrO4 (1 mol/L) in w...Wu et al 2019b
Control: only PFOS (50 mg/L) in water at 350 °C fo...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment H2SO4 (1 mol/L) in wa...Wu et al 2019b
No metal additiveHori et al 2006
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment H2O2 (1 mol/L) in wat...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Na2S2O5 (1 mol/L) in ...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment NaClO3 (1 mol/L) in w...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment NaNO3 (1 mol/L) in wa...Wu et al 2019b
Reaction conditions: PFOS (50 mg/L) and NaOH amend...Wu et al 2019b
Control reaction was 1-to-1000 AFFF in unamended w...Strathmann et al 2020
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment NaOH (1 mol/L) in wat...Wu et al 2019b
AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1M NaOH reaction for 15 mi...Strathmann et al 2020
5 mol/L NaOH amendmentStrathmann et al 2020
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment K2FeO4 (1 mol/L) in w...Wu et al 2019b
AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1 mol/L KMnO4 amendment co...Strathmann et al 2020
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Ca(OH)2 (1 mol/L) in ...Wu et al 2019b
Zinc addedHori et al 2006
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Na2CO3 (1 mol/L) in w...Wu et al 2019b
Aluminum addedHori et al 2006
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Zn (1 mol/L) in water...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Kl (1 mol/L) in water...Wu et al 2019b
AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1 mol/L NaOH amendment con...Strathmann et al 2020
AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1 mol/L Ca(OH)2 amendment ...Strathmann et al 2020
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment NaBH4 (1 mol/L) in wa...Wu et al 2019b
the pilot test was conducted at 350°C for 8 days b...Hatton et al 2019
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment HCl (1 mol/L) in wate...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment NaHSO5 (1 mol/L) in w...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment KMnO4 (1 mol/L) in wa...Wu et al 2019b
AFFF formulation 1 dilution factor 1-to-1000; Reac...Strathmann et al 2020
AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1 mol/L NaBH4 amendment co...Strathmann et al 2020
AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 1 mol/L Na2SO3 amendment c...Strathmann et al 2020
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Na2S2O8 (1 mol/L) in ...Wu et al 2019b
PFOS (50 mg/L) and amendment Na2S2O4 (1 mol/L) in ...Wu et al 2019b
AFFF diluted 1-to-1000, 5 mol/L NaOH amendment con...Strathmann et al 2020
AFFF formulation 2 dilution factor 1-to-1000; Reac...Strathmann et al 2020
The pilot test was conducted at 350°C for 8 days b...Hatton et al 2019
Copper addedHori et al 2006
PFOS + Ca(OH)2 samples with Ca/F molar ratio of 1....Wang et al 2011
sludge + PFOS + Ca(OH)2 samples (Ca/F molar ratio ...Wang et al 2013
Co treatment of PFOS, PFOA and FOSA with Ca(OH)2Wang et al 2015b
PFOS + Ca(OH)2 samples with Ca/F molar ratio of 0....Wang et al 2011
Co-treated with CaOWang et al 2015b
Co treatment of PFOS and PFHxS with Ca(OH)2Wang et al 2015b
Co treatment with Ca(CO3)2Wang et al 2015b
Barranco et al 2020
Time estimated from text on pg. 757. Temperature i...Ellis et al 2003
Duration not listedBarranco et al 2020
Co treated with CaOWang et al 2015b
Ochi et al 2008
Treatment time is not listedBioforcetech 2019
15 g GAC/kg soil; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering ve...Duchesne et al 2020
Temperature ranged from 480 to 650Lazcano et al 2019
Heated in nitrogen gas environment in quartz tubeWatanabe et al 2018
Treatment time representative of time in furnace; ...Watanabe et al 2016
Heated in steamed environment with added NaOHWatanabe et al 2018
Heated in steamed environment with NaOH added in q...Watanabe et al 2018
Heated in steamed environment in quartz tubeWatanabe et al 2018
Port 12. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or c...Krug et al 2021
Regulatory minimum for waste incineration processi...Arkenbout 2018
Run 1-NA Blank sample; Condition details from Tabl...Lemieux et al 2007
Aleksandrov et al 2019
Port 11. Temperature is modeled. PFAS introduced w...Krug et al 2021
Javahaerian 2016
43 g GAC/kg sand matrix; air flux = 5 cm/s; moistu...Major 2019
Port 10. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or c...Krug et al 2021
Davis 2020
39 g GAC/kg sand matrix; air flux = 5 cm/s; moistu...Major 2019
Run 2-untreated carpet; Condition details from Tab...Lemieux et al 2007
Port 8. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or co...Krug et al 2021
Run 4-carpet treated with stain resistant coating;...Lemieux et al 2007
Run 3-carpet treated with stain resistant coating;...Lemieux et al 2007
Run 6-zonyl doped carpet; Condition details from T...Lemieux et al 2007
Run 5-untreated carpet; Condition details from Tab...Lemieux et al 2007
13% exhaust O2, 10% exhaust H2OTaylor et al 2014
46 g GAC/kg sand; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering ve...Duchesne et al 2020
51 g GAC/kg soil; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering ve...Duchesne et al 2020
48 g GAC/kg soil; air flux = 5 cm/s; moisture cont...Major 2019
44 g GAC/kg sand; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering ve...Duchesne et al 2020
50 g GAC/kg soil; air flux = 5 cm/s; moisture cont...Major 2019
Port 4. PFAS introduced with the natural gas or co...Krug et al 2021
Treatment temperature is approximate; treatment ti...Endpoint undated
50 g GAC/kg soil; air flux = 5 cm/s; smoldering ve...Duchesne et al 2020
Two furnaces. Primary furnace: 1100C; Secondary fu...Japan Environment 2013
Injected at port 1; temperature and treatment tim...Krug et al 2021
Injected at port 2; temperature and treatment time...Krug et al 2021
At flame. The model assumed an initial adiabatic f...Krug et al 2021
Specific treatment temperature not reported. Autho...Matthis et al 2019
Temperature not listed; Table 4-25 DT2A-2Barranco et al 2020
No incineration temperature or time givenLoganathan et al 2007
Temperature not listed; Table 4-25 DT2A-1Barranco et al 2020
Thermal experiments were conducted at non-flame re...Yamada et al 2005
Kiln temperature and treatment time not statedOIT 2020